Indigenous Environmental Knowledge (IEK) refers to the deep understanding and wisdom that Indigenous communities have developed over generations through direct interaction with their local environments. It encompasses knowledge about ecosystems, biodiversity, climate patterns, resource management, and sustainable living practices. This knowledge is often passed down orally through stories, ceremonies, and practices and is rooted in a holistic worldview that sees humans as interconnected with nature.
Key Aspects of IEK:
- Sustainable Resource Management – Indigenous communities often use practices such as rotational farming, controlled burns, and selective harvesting to maintain ecological balance.
- Biodiversity Conservation – Many Indigenous groups have a profound knowledge of plant and animal species, including their uses for medicine, food, and spiritual purposes.
- Climate Adaptation – Traditional knowledge helps predict weather patterns, seasonal changes, and environmental shifts, aiding in disaster preparedness.
- Spiritual and Cultural Connection – IEK is often tied to cultural traditions, spiritual beliefs, and community identity.
IEK is increasingly recognized in environmental science and conservation efforts as a valuable complement to Western scientific approaches. Many governments and organizations now integrate Indigenous knowledge into climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development strategies.