The concepts of ascribed and achieved identity refer to the ways in which an individual’s identity is formed or recognized.
- Ascribed Identity: This is the identity a person is assigned at birth or involuntarily acquires over time, often based on characteristics they have no control over. These include things like gender, race, ethnicity, social class, and family background. Ascribed identities are imposed by society and are typically not chosen or earned by the individual. For example, being born into a particular family or community might ascribe certain social roles to someone, such as being a son or daughter or a member of a particular cultural group.
- Achieved Identity: This refers to an identity that a person acquires through their actions, choices, and accomplishments. It is shaped by factors like education, career, personal achievements, and social roles a person has intentionally taken on. For example, becoming a doctor or an athlete is an achieved identity because it is based on an individual’s effort, skills, or decisions.