Submerged landscapes are crucial in archaeology because they preserve invaluable evidence of past human activity, environmental changes, and prehistoric settlements that would otherwise be lost to time. Here’s why they matter:
- Preservation of Artifacts – Waterlogged conditions often protect organic materials such as wood, textiles, and bones, which decay more quickly on land. This leads to exceptional preservation of ancient tools, structures, and even human remains.
- Prehistoric Settlements – Many coastal and riverine settlements were submerged due to rising sea levels after the last Ice Age. Studying these sites helps archaeologists understand early human adaptation to climate change.
- Environmental Reconstruction – Submerged landscapes contain sediments with pollen, plant remains, and other bioarchaeological evidence that provide insights into past climates, sea levels, and ecosystems.
- Maritime and Trade History – These sites often include shipwrecks, harbors, and trade routes, revealing information about ancient economies, navigation, and cultural exchange.
- Understanding Sea-Level Rise – Examining past submerged landscapes helps predict future changes in coastal environments and informs modern climate resilience strategies.