The four major types of biomolecules are:
- Carbohydrates
- Made of sugars (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides).
- Provide energy and structural support.
- Examples: Glucose, Starch, Cellulose.
- Proteins
- Made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
- Function in structure, enzymes, transport, and defense.
- Examples: Hemoglobin, Collagen, Insulin.
- Lipids
- Fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids.
- Store energy, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules.
- Examples: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Cholesterol.
- Nucleic acids
- Made of nucleotides.
- Store and transmit genetic information.
- Examples: DNA, RNA.
In short:
The four major biomolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids—are essential for energy, structure, genetic information, and regulation of life processes.