Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) has several limitations despite being a reliable method for metal analysis. Here are the main ones, explained simply:
- Single-element analysis:
AAS can measure only one element at a time, which makes it slower when many elements need to be tested. - Limited range of elements:
It mainly detects metals and a few metalloids — it cannot measure non-metals like carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur. - Sample preparation:
Samples often need to be dissolved or digested before testing, which can take time and may introduce errors. - Matrix interferences:
Other substances in the sample can affect how well the atoms absorb light, leading to inaccurate results. - Detection limits:
While sensitive, AAS is not as sensitive as modern methods like ICP-MS for detecting very tiny (trace) amounts. - Manual operation:
Most AAS instruments require manual tuning and calibration for each element, which reduces speed and automation.
In short, AAS is simple and accurate for basic metal testing, but it is slower, less sensitive, and less versatile than newer techniques.