Lanthanides and actinides are two special groups of elements in the periodic table, often called the f-block elements because they involve f-orbitals. Here’s a explanation:
- Lanthanides (4f series)
- Located in period 6 of the periodic table.
- Include elements from cerium (Ce) to lutetium (Lu).
- Characterized by filling 4f orbitals.
- Often called rare-earth elements.
- Used in magnets, electronics, and catalysts.
- Actinides (5f series)
- Located in period 7 of the periodic table.
- Include elements from thorium (Th) to lawrencium (Lr).
- Characterized by filling 5f orbitals.
- Many are radioactive.
- Used in nuclear fuel, weapons, and space power sources.
In short:
- Lanthanides → mostly stable, used in electronics and magnets.
- Actinides → mostly radioactive, used in nuclear energy and technology.