Reflexivity in ethnographic research refers to the researcher’s awareness of their own influence on the research process, including how their background, beliefs, emotions, and interactions shape data collection and interpretation. It involves critically examining one’s positionality—such as gender, race, class, and cultural background—to acknowledge biases and power dynamics that may affect findings.
Reflexivity can take different forms in ethnography:
- Personal Reflexivity – Researchers reflect on their own experiences, emotions, and potential biases, considering how these impact their interpretation of the data.
- Epistemological Reflexivity – Researchers examine the assumptions and theoretical frameworks guiding their research, questioning how knowledge is produced and understood.
Ethnographers often use reflexive journaling, methodological transparency, and self-critique to enhance the credibility and depth of their work. By embracing reflexivity, ethnographic research becomes more ethical, nuanced, and self-aware.