An activated complex is a temporary, high-energy structure formed during a chemical reaction when reactants are in the process of turning into products.
Key Points:
- It occurs at the peak of the energy barrier (the highest energy point along the reaction path).
- It is unstable and exists only for an instant; it cannot be isolated.
- Bonds in the activated complex are partially broken and partially formed, representing a transition between reactants and products.
- Its formation is essential for the reaction to proceed—reactants must first form the activated complex before becoming products.
In short: The activated complex is the short-lived transition state that acts as a bridge between reactants and products.