What are the three stages of a rite of passage?

The three stages of a rite of passage, as described by anthropologist Arnold van Gennep, are:

1. Separation – The individual is removed from their previous status or identity. This often involves physical separation, symbolic gestures, or rituals that mark the beginning of transformation.
2. Liminality (Transition) – The person exists in a state of ambiguity, neither belonging to their old role nor fully integrated into their new one. This is often a period of challenge, learning, or symbolic death and rebirth.
3. Incorporation (Reintegration) – The individual completes the transition and is welcomed into their new status, often through ceremonies, celebrations, or the assumption of new responsibilities.

These stages can be seen in many cultural, religious, and personal transitions, such as coming-of-age ceremonies, weddings, or even modern graduations.