1. Organic Substitution Reactions
- Nucleophilic substitution (SN): An electron-rich group replaces another group.
- SN1: Happens in two steps.
- SN2: Happens in one step.
- Electrophilic substitution (SE): An electron-poor group replaces hydrogen on an aromatic ring.
- Radical substitution: A radical replaces a hydrogen in a molecule, usually in alkanes.
2. Inorganic Substitution Reactions
- Ligand substitution: One ligand in a metal complex is replaced by another.
- Redox substitution: Substitution happens along with a change in the metal’s oxidation state.
Summary:
- Organic: nucleophilic, electrophilic, radical.
- Inorganic: ligand substitution, redox substitution.