In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field and magnetic field are closely linked and work together to carry energy through space.
Simple Explanation:
- The electric field (E) and the magnetic field (B) are:
- Perpendicular to each other, and
- Both are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels.
This means:
- If the electric field vibrates up and down,
- The magnetic field vibrates side to side,
- And the wave moves forward — at the speed of light.
Key Points:
- The fields oscillate together (they change strength at the same time).
- A changing electric field produces a magnetic field.
- A changing magnetic field produces an electric field.
- This continuous creation of each other makes the wave self-sustaining, so it can travel even through a vacuum.