Both carbohydrates and lipids provide energy to the body, but they do it in slightly different ways.
Carbohydrates:
- Carbohydrates are the main and quickest source of energy.
- When you eat foods like rice, bread, or fruit, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose.
- Glucose is then used by cells during cellular respiration to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate) — the energy molecule that powers body functions.
- Each gram of carbohydrate gives about 4 kilocalories (kcal) of energy.
Lipids (Fats):
- Lipids are the body’s long-term energy source.
- Fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol, which can also produce ATP through oxidation.
- Fats are stored in the body’s fat tissues and used when carbohydrate levels are low.
- Each gram of fat gives about 9 kilocalories (kcal) — more than double the energy from carbohydrates.
In short:
- Carbohydrates give quick energy for immediate use.
- Lipids give stored energy for long-term needs.
Both are essential for keeping the body active and functioning properly.