Here’s a explanation:
Surface Tension
- Surface tension is the energy or force at the surface of a liquid that makes it act like a stretched elastic sheet.
- It occurs because molecules at the surface experience an inward pull from neighboring molecules, unlike molecules inside the liquid that are equally pulled in all directions.
Why It’s Important
- Formation of Drops and Bubbles:
- Surface tension allows liquids to form spherical droplets and stable soap bubbles.
- Capillary Action:
- Helps liquids rise in narrow tubes, which is essential in plants for water transport.
- Floating of Small Objects:
- Tiny insects (like water striders) can walk on water because the surface resists breaking.
- Industrial Applications:
- Crucial in detergents, paints, inks, emulsions, and coatings.
Key Idea:
- Surface tension is caused by cohesive forces between molecules and affects many natural and technological processes.
In short: Surface tension is the “skin” on a liquid surface that arises from molecular attraction and is vital for drops, capillary action, and floating objects.