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How does temperature influence entropy?

Temperature has a direct effect on entropy because it affects how particles move:

  1. Higher temperature → more particle motion
    • When temperature rises, particles move faster and occupy more possible positions and energies.
    • This increases disorder, so entropy goes up.
  2. Lower temperature → less particle motion
    • When temperature drops, particles slow down and are more restricted.
    • This reduces disorder, so entropy goes down.

Examples:

  • Ice at 0°C: molecules vibrate slightly → low entropy
  • Water at 100°C: molecules move freely → higher entropy
  • Steam at 100°C: molecules move very fast → highest entropy

In short: Higher temperature increases entropy because it makes the system more disordered.

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