Chromium (Cr) is a d-block element that shows multiple oxidation states because it has both 3d and 4s electrons available for bonding. Here’s a explanation:
Common Oxidation States of Chromium
- +2 Oxidation State
- Found in chromous compounds
- Less stable, acts as a reducing agent
- Example: Chromium(II) chloride
- +3 Oxidation State
- Found in chromic compounds
- Most stable oxidation state
- Example: Chromium(III) oxide
- Often forms green-colored compounds
- +6 Oxidation State
- Found in chromate and dichromate compounds
- Strong oxidizing agent
- Example: Potassium dichromate, potassium chromate
- Often forms orange or yellow-colored compounds
Other Oxidation States
- Chromium can also show +1, +4, and +5, but these are less common and less stable.
In short:
Chromium mainly shows +2, +3, and +6 oxidation states, with +3 being the most stable and +6 being a strong oxidizer.