Infrared (IR) radiation is widely used in heating applications because it transfers heat directly to objects and people without needing to heat the surrounding air first. It works on the principle that any object that absorbs IR will have its molecules vibrate more, increasing its temperature.
1. Principle of Operation
- Direct Heat Transfer – IR heaters emit electromagnetic waves in the infrared range, which are absorbed by surfaces, converting the radiation into heat.
- No Medium Required – Unlike convection heating, IR does not need air as a medium, so it works even in vacuum conditions.
- Fast Response – Since IR heats objects directly, it provides almost instant warmth.
2. Types of IR Heating Applications
- Domestic Heating
- Infrared room heaters, patio heaters, and bathroom heaters.
- Panels mounted on walls or ceilings for space heating.
- Industrial Heating
- Curing paints, drying coatings, baking food, and plastic molding.
- Medical and Wellness
- Infrared saunas and therapeutic heat lamps.
- Outdoor Heating
- Restaurant terraces, open workshops, and stadium seating areas.
3. Advantages
- Energy Efficiency – Minimal heat loss to surrounding air.
- Instant Heating – No long warm-up period.
- Even Distribution – Reduces cold spots compared to convection heaters.
- Targeted Heating – Can focus heat on specific objects or zones.
4. Example in Use
A quartz infrared heater contains a tungsten filament inside a quartz tube. When electric current passes through, it emits IR waves that warm people and surfaces directly, similar to the sun warming your skin on a cold day.