The stele is a very important part of the root because it contains the vascular tissues — the xylem and phloem — which are responsible for transporting water, minerals, and food throughout the plant. It also provides strength and support to the root structure.
Here’s the importance of the stele in roots explained:
1. Conduction of Water and Minerals
- The xylem inside the stele carries water and dissolved minerals absorbed from the soil up to the stem and leaves.
- This is essential for photosynthesis and overall plant growth.
2. Transport of Food
- The phloem in the stele transports food (sugars) made in the leaves down to the roots and other parts of the plant for storage or use.
3. Structural Support
- The stele helps strengthen and support the root, keeping it firm as it grows through the soil.
- The arrangement of xylem and phloem gives mechanical stability to withstand soil pressure.
4. Connection Between Root and Shoot
- The stele serves as a link between the root and stem vascular systems, allowing continuous transport of materials through the plant body.
5. Storage of Substances
- In some plants, the central region of the stele may store starch, oils, or other nutrients, providing energy for growth.
6. Growth and Repair
- The pericycle, a layer within the stele, helps in the formation of lateral (side) roots, contributing to better anchorage and absorption.
In simple terms, the stele is like the transport and support center of the root — it moves water, minerals, and food, stores nutrients, helps new roots grow, and keeps the root strong and connected to the rest of the plant.