Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has several important applications in medical treatments, owing to its ability to kill microbes, stimulate certain skin responses, and affect cellular functions. Here are the key applications:
1. Phototherapy for Skin Conditions
- Psoriasis: UV-B radiation slows down excessive skin cell growth and reduces inflammation.
- Vitiligo: UV exposure can stimulate melanocytes, helping restore pigmentation.
- Eczema (atopic dermatitis): UV-B therapy helps reduce itching and inflammation.
- PUVA therapy: Combines psoralen (a light-sensitizing drug) with UVA radiation to treat severe skin conditions like psoriasis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
2. Vitamin D Synthesis Support
- Controlled exposure to UV-B radiation helps stimulate vitamin D production in the skin, used in cases where sunlight exposure is limited.
3. Treatment of Jaundice in Newborns
- UV or blue light phototherapy helps break down excess bilirubin in babies with neonatal jaundice, allowing it to be excreted safely.
4. Sterilization and Disinfection
- UV-C radiation is used to disinfect surgical equipment, hospital rooms, and air/water systems, reducing the risk of infections.
5. Cancer Treatment (Experimental)
- Research is ongoing into using UV light for targeted destruction of cancer cells or to activate light-sensitive drugs in photodynamic therapy.
6. Wound Healing and Infection Control
- Some UV treatments can help disinfect chronic wounds or ulcers by killing bacteria and promoting tissue repair.