Biomolecules are molecules produced by living organisms that are essential for life. They are the building blocks of cells and perform various functions in the body.
Types of Biomolecules:
- Carbohydrates:
- Made of sugars.
- Provide energy and structural support.
- Examples: Glucose, Starch, Cellulose.
- Proteins:
- Made of amino acids.
- Function in structure, enzymes, transport, and defense.
- Examples: Hemoglobin, Collagen, Insulin.
- Lipids:
- Fats, oils, and phospholipids.
- Store energy, make membranes, and act as signaling molecules.
- Examples: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Cholesterol.
- Nucleic acids:
- Made of nucleotides.
- Store and transmit genetic information.
- Examples: DNA, RNA.
- Other biomolecules:
- Vitamins, hormones, and secondary metabolites, which support various cellular functions.
In short:
Biomolecules are essential molecules in living organisms that provide energy, structure, genetic information, and regulation of biological processes.